Deploy a Python (Django or Flask) web app to Azure App Service Using Azure DevOps CI/CD

January 09, 2025

To deploy a Python web application (Django or Flask) to Azure App Service using Azure DevOps CI/CD, you can follow these steps. Below is a complete, end-to-end example using Azure DevOps.

Here is the general architecture diagram that we will be deploying.

Prerequisites:

Azure account with access to App Service and Azure DevOps
Azure DevOps account with a project and repository to store your code
Python web application (Flask/Django) ready for deployment
Azure CLI installed and logged in

Step 1: Prepare Your Python Web Application

Make sure your Flask or Django application is ready with the following essentials:

requirements.txt: List of all Python dependencies.
- Example for a Flask app:
```
flask
gunicorn
```
Procfile: This tells Azure how to run your application.
- For Flask:
```
web: gunicorn app:app
```
app.py (for Flask) or manage.py (for Django) to run the application locally.
runtime.txt: Define the Python version (optional, but recommended).
- Example:
```
python-3.8
```

Step 2: Create Azure App Service

Log into the Azure portal.
Navigate to App Services and create a new App Service instance.
Configure the App Service with the necessary settings (e.g., name, region, and resource group).
Once the App Service is created, take note of the App Service name and resource group.

Step 3: Set Up Azure DevOps Repository

Create a new Azure DevOps project if you don't have one already.
Push your Python web app code (Flask/Django) to the Azure DevOps repository.

Step 4: Set Up Continuous Integration (CI) Pipeline

In Azure DevOps, go to your Project > Pipelines > New Pipeline.
Choose Azure Repos Git as the source for your repository.
Select the appropriate repository.
Choose Python as the template. You can either start with the YAML configuration or the classic editor.
In the pipeline YAML (azure-pipelines.yml), define the steps to:
- Install dependencies
- Run tests (optional)
- Build the app
- Deploy to Azure

Example azure-pipelines.yml for Flask:

trigger:
  branches:
    include:
      - main

pool:
  vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:
  - task: UsePythonVersion@0
    inputs:
      versionSpec: '3.x'
      addToPath: true

  - checkout: self

  - script: |
      python -m venv venv
      source venv/bin/activate
      pip install -r requirements.txt
    displayName: 'Install dependencies'

  - script: |
      python -m pytest
    displayName: 'Run tests'

  - task: AzureWebApp@1
    inputs:
      azureSubscription: '<your-service-connection>'
      appName: '<your-app-service-name>'
      package: $(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/
    displayName: 'Deploy to Azure App Service'

Step 5: Set Up Continuous Deployment (CD) Pipeline

Configure the Azure DevOps Service Connection:
- In Azure DevOps, navigate to Project Settings > Service connections.
- Add a new Azure Resource Manager service connection, providing authentication details (use service principal).
Deploy to Azure:
- In your CI pipeline, add the AzureWebApp@1 task to deploy the application to Azure App Service.
- Make sure the azureSubscription is set to the Azure DevOps service connection you just created.
- Set appName to the name of your App Service.

Step 6: Commit and Push Code to Trigger CI/CD

Commit your changes and push them to the repository (e.g., pushing to the main branch).
The pipeline will automatically trigger based on the defined trigger conditions.
After the pipeline finishes building and testing, it will deploy your app to Azure App Service.

Step 7: Monitor the Deployment

Once deployed, go to the Azure portal, navigate to App Services, and select your App Service.
You can monitor logs, view the deployed app URL, and check for errors.

Step 8: Verify the Deployment

After the deployment is complete, navigate to the App Service's URL (e.g., https://<your-app-name>.azurewebsites.net).
Your Python web app should be live!

Troubleshooting

If you encounter deployment issues, check the Azure DevOps pipeline logs.
Ensure all dependencies are correctly listed in requirements.txt.
Make sure the correct Python version is being used in both the local environment and Azure.

This is a complete process for deploying a Python web app (Django or Flask) to Azure App Service using Azure DevOps CI/CD. You can modify this pipeline to add more features like testing, linting, or notifications as needed.

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